It's true they are not mutually exclusive. Closure is several related tools that can be used independently: a JS compiler (minifier + type-checker), templates, and very large JS library.
I don't know exactly which groups, but I have been told by an ex-Googler that they are used quite extensively by Google, sometimes in the form of Angular Dart. I have seen some proclaimed stats that they are used by over 120 projects by Google (I believe it was a slide from ng-conf).
I have also seen Angular on some Google pages in the wild, including the older Google Nexus pages.