Well, again, in my family's model of returning cans, there's no initiative involved -- they don't do the work of collecting and they're not responsible for getting the cans to the recycling center; they just go along for the ride and get handed some money.
If hypothetically they were supposed to be responsible for returning the cans, they'd quickly discover that they don't have access to many cans, and that they have absolutely no way of transporting them to a recycling center, or even going to a recycling center without bringing any cans.
My sister visited me over the summer a couple years ago, when she was 8, and I let her hold on to the jiao I received as change (US equivalent value: roughly 1.5 cents to the jiao). This made her happy (especially when she noticed a chinese mother doing the same with her child), but I didn't think it was some big project to teach a child about money; I did it because it made her happy and the quantity of money was too trivial for me to worry about her screwing up. It was trivial for her too; she never saved up enough to buy anything (most likely candidate: a roll of mentos, which would have cost 20 jiao. Turns out it's kind of inconvenient to carry around dozens of tiny coins.).
Anyway, as far as I can see, pretty much the only initiative a child can show is to pester their parents into recycling the cans for them. That doesn't differ much, in my mind, from just pestering the parents into giving them money.
This scenario doesn't work if the only place to return cans is a recycling center that has no other function and is located at a far away place or if the monetary amount received from cans is trivial. It doesn't work too well either if a child can just pester for money instead of having a fixed allowance + bonuses for work.
In Finland the return amount is currently 0.1-0.4€ per can/bottle and one can return them to the nearest grocery store. For me that was some serious pocket money - even a few bottles could buy some candy.
And it wasn't about pestering my parents to go to the store, more like tagging along when they went. I still had to carry the cans (or at least carry as much as I could if there were a lot) and return them to the machine myself - very different from just getting money handed over.
Anyway, my personal experience from my country of residence is that returning bottles is a good way to make pocket money especially if you can monopolize bottles from your own household and you have poor income.
In Oregon in the early 90s, I would scour around town on my bicycle, looking for empty soda cans & beer bottles in trash containers mostly. When I'd fill up my plastic bag, I'd ride to the nearest grocery store and trade them in for 5 cents a piece. On a good day I could make $4 or $5.
If hypothetically they were supposed to be responsible for returning the cans, they'd quickly discover that they don't have access to many cans, and that they have absolutely no way of transporting them to a recycling center, or even going to a recycling center without bringing any cans.
My sister visited me over the summer a couple years ago, when she was 8, and I let her hold on to the jiao I received as change (US equivalent value: roughly 1.5 cents to the jiao). This made her happy (especially when she noticed a chinese mother doing the same with her child), but I didn't think it was some big project to teach a child about money; I did it because it made her happy and the quantity of money was too trivial for me to worry about her screwing up. It was trivial for her too; she never saved up enough to buy anything (most likely candidate: a roll of mentos, which would have cost 20 jiao. Turns out it's kind of inconvenient to carry around dozens of tiny coins.).
Anyway, as far as I can see, pretty much the only initiative a child can show is to pester their parents into recycling the cans for them. That doesn't differ much, in my mind, from just pestering the parents into giving them money.