Yes Opera Mobile has the turbo mode which is similar to this technology http://www.opera.com/turbo where it proxies the connection and compresses the data.
I look forward to the articles in a year's time pointing out that "Little-known browser Opera now offers a data compressing proxy mode similar to the system Chrome's used for almost twelve months."
No you were right. Opera Mobile has a "Turbo" mode that does almost the same thing as this. Opera Mini is a bit more extreme.
Though there seems to be some confusion as Opera have been talking about combining both Mobile and Mini into one browser, and the new Webkit beta seems to be it. No one seems to know exactly which bits of each service have been retained.