LLMs have no fixed internal representation - they barely have internal anything - so no, there is no translation.

But there's also no guarantee any particular query generalizes (vs is memorized), so it might only be able to answer some queries in some languages.

Got it. And since my native language is arguably one of the closest to English (Dutch), it works very well. But probably not as well for, say, Asian which has completely different grammatical constructs.