Are there plugins or anything that will allow Dokku to run queues of batch jobs? Skimming the docs there is clear support for Heroku-style apps and one-offs that can be launched via cron, not so much for batch although it would be quite useful.
You may wish to look into a message processing system in your language of choice and run that as a daemon in Dokku. We have plugins for various datastores, and commonly I see folks just connect their worker processes to that. It's much lighter weight than spawning new containers for each workload.
In my case spawn overhead is negligible relative to the jobs themselves, my existing experience with AWS Batch has been pretty good. I took another look at the Dokku documentation and extending `run:detached` would work well enough, though maybe it's time for me to revisit Airflow or something in that direction.