That does not change anything, asymmetric or symmetric, the same principles apply. E2E means that only the recipients has the ability to decrypt the messages, so far we seem to agree. As I said, and you verified, for your scheme to work, then messages should be encrypted with a known government PK, but that is not privacy. Now the government has the ability to decrypt everything, and can store messages indefinitely and use it for whatever they decide now and in the future. That is a surveillance state by definition.