This is also telling how thin the walls are where you live. I live in an old house with an old and fairly loud dishwasher. One door closed and there are no vibrations or noise problem.
Probably floors more than walls, contact points with both, and not so much "thin / thick" but "does this transmit the vibration". Like subwoofers on the ground, it changes how the sound carries.
No, I live in a new building with reinforced concrete external walls. But it's a general rule in Berlin. (Other German states have other rules, often with restrictions even earlier.)
And yes, I have been able to hear neighbors dishwashers before. Again, through the floor, not through the walls, though not in my current building (where I'm on the top floor).
Funnily enough here one part of the government, as part of an environmental push, is trying to encourage people to run appliances like dishwashers and washing machines at night to use renewable power that is currently underutilisied rather than contributing to how much of the fossil power is used at times of peak load.
Of course, at the same time, the also government run fire service is trying to encourage people _not_ to do that for fire safety reasons.
Can a dishwasher really become a noise problem?