In the case of earthquakes, dogs can detect compression waves which travel faster than the stronger and more destructive transverse waves. In the case of a meteorite it is harder to imagine a plausible mechanism. As most meteorites are supersonic, it's not possible for any waves to arrive at their destination before they do.

[UPDATE] Reading some of the other comments it occurred to me that this particular meteorite was probably traveling at terminal velocity, and was thus sub-sonic. So it's possible a dog could hear its approach.