It's called a challenge trial. It's done to compress later stages of clinical trials and only uses low risk volunteers. It's also generally only done when theres effective treatment for expected negative outcomes.

Parasite, not a virus. For some parts of the world, it's like getting the flu. You expect to get it every year.

Thanks, updated. My ignorance of this practice extends to all deadly pathogens, really.

I’ve been the “lab rat” in many US studies, and generally all we get is a disclosure stating the purpose, risks and methods of the experiment. There’s no test for “scientific literacy” at all. I’m not even sure the point of this. What people care about is the risks and methods.

All patient consent must be worded for patient comprehension. This is done by the IRB.