Yes, but only in common usage of the word. As a real technical term it has to be called Konfitüre in Germany, as Bretain actually managed to get protection for the term, even if only they use if to the orange based stuff...

This mandate only applies to business use. I.e. if you advertise for, or label products, you must only use "Marmelade" for the strange british thing.

I don't think I have ever heard the word Konfitüre spoken in daily-life, other on occasions where someone explained why Marmelade is labeld Konfitüre in the supermarket. Maybe this is a bit regional and up north they use that word (?).

So if I was to translate a novel that features a jelly sandwhich I'd confidently translate it with Marmeladebrot.

Apart from that, lot's of dialects have their own term for jelly, like Swabian dialect has Gsälz, and Baden dialect has Schlecksl.