Yes.

Most obviously Modula-2 is is case-sensitive, while (Turbo)Pascal is not. Also Modula-2 addresses the danging-else problem in Pascal, while TurboPascal does not.

It wouldn't surprise me if TurboPascal addressed some of the same deficiencies in Pascal that Wirth also addressed in Modula-2, but they probably do so differently.

No, it was definitely Pascal. There's certainly quite a lot of stylistic crossover between the two languages but they are distinct.