In addition to the lack of (labeled) data, the deployment and adoption challenges, and the fear around regulation, I would add another challenge: patient data is very complicated and highly heterogeneous: think doctor and nurse notes, machine-generated imaging, all kinds of measurements, patient habits, patient medical histories, etc.
In addition to the lack of (labeled) data, the deployment and adoption challenges, and the fear around regulation, I would add another challenge: patient data is very complicated and highly heterogeneous: think doctor and nurse notes, machine-generated imaging, all kinds of measurements, patient habits, patient medical histories, etc.