That used to be the case in Ireland too, but confusion due to cultural contamination means pretty much everyone moved to numbering lanes (from the "outside"/"slow"/leftmost lane).
When I did my B license test probably about 30 years ago, the Rules of the Road all referenced inside/outside lanes. When I did my CE license last year, it had been updated to only use lanes 1, 2, 3 etc.
Obviously fast and slow are just colloquial terms.
When I see "it's not X, it's Y" I think of the music criticism of P. Bateman: "...it's not just about the pleasures of conformity and the importance of trends, it's also a personal statement about the band itself. Hey, Paul..."
Phase transitions are a really nice way to explain to someone how a complex system can appear to flip from one state to another. Especially the importance of looking at the right variable. If you look at water at 99°C or 101°C (at standard pressure) it appears like a sudden change. But if you consider energy balance, it's not like it just flips: it takes substantial energy input to boil water. If you measure energy input, you see a gradual change of phase (mass fraction slowly turning from liquid to vapour) as more energy is supplied. But then you can also have superheated water in the microwave and it's just waiting to (partially) boil... So many analogies.
Does this apply to that cool chem trick where a solution goes from black to transparent and back again a few times? I don't know enough to know if that's relevant or not, but I remember seeing that and be puzzled about how "sudden" the reaction appears.
That sounds like something sufficiently strong at absorbing light where it appears to be black at a fairly low concentration, so even if the concentration changes smoothly (maybe a sine wave) but to our eyes it looks more like a step change near the bottom.
Exactly right. The phase transition analogy is powerful precisely because it's not just analogy — the same mathematical operators that describe water at criticality also describe markets approaching crashes, ecosystems approaching collapse, and cardiac rhythms approaching fibrillation.
What surprised us was how many fields derived this independently. The superheated water intuition you describe maps directly to what ecologists call "critical slowing down" and what financial engineers call "increased autocorrelation near instability." Same math, three different names, minimal cross-citation.
Yea my job as a SWE is to have a correct mental model of the code and bing it with me everywhere I go... meetings, feature design, debugging sessions. Lines of code written is not unimportant, but matters way less when you look at the big picture
The purpose of a system is what it does. There's lots of literature on what the best, or at least better, voting systems (hello preference voting) and decision making approaches are. Getting them implemented is another story.
I don't have a view on the main thrust of the comment, but "the purpose of a system is what it does" is very obviously wrong (as detailed in the linked blog post) and that is what I was responding to.
I believe we say "the purpose of a system is what it does" is to also poke at the fact that there are mechanisms and design decisions (tradeoffs) at play that lead to certain results, and that if we want to change outcomes, we need to change the system.
Votes matter more in some systems than others. Preference voting allows for smaller parties to more easily gain seats while first-past-the-post supports two-party systems. In the UK and AU, the prime minister must hold a seat, and so can be removed from parliament through (a subset of) citizen votes removing them from their seat, even if the majority party stays in power. In the US, the President (who can issue executive orders) is elected by an electoral college--none of whom are directly elected by citizen votes. Maybe it's not a big conspiracy, but these systems are doing what they are known to do, and will do so unless they are changed.
Of course there are systems in place to change these systems, which are also quite hard to utilise. And strangely (or not), no one is rushing to improve voter power and representation. So there's some interesting questions there around what changes can be made that would best improve representation, and what could be blocking those changes from being made.
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